| In vitro: |
| Molecules. 2017 Jun 8;22(6). | | Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Liver Protection of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the Inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Activation In Vitro and In Vivo.[Pubmed: 28594379 ] | Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F isolated from Alisma orientale, were proved to exhibit anti-inflammatory potential in our previous work.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the current study, the anti-inflammatory effects and action mechanisms of alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F were investigated in vitro. Moreover, the pharmacological effects of alisol F in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (d-gal)-induced acute liver-injured mice were evaluated. The results demonstrated that alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F could suppress LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as well as inhibit the mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In addition, we investigated the role of alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F in mediating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), signal transducers, and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways involved in the inflammation process of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, and STAT3, and the NF-κB signaling pathway, were obviously suppressed in alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F treated cells. Results obtained from in vitro experiments suggested alisol F obviously improved liver pathological injury by inhibiting the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and significantly decreasing the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in LPS/d-gal-induced mice. Furthermore, the reduction of phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, as well as suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway, were also observed in liver tissues of the alisol F-treated mice model.
CONCLUSIONS:
Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F may serve as potential leads for development of anti-inflammatory agents for acute liver failure treatment. | | Phytochemistry. 2016 Nov;131:150-157. | | Structures and biological activities of the triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids from Alisma orientale.[Pubmed: 27615692 ] | Sixteen triterpenoids and nine sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the rhizome of Alisma orientale. Structures of 16-oxo-11-anhydroalisol A 24-acetate, 13β,17β-epoxy-24,25,26,27-tetranor-alisol A 23-oic acid, 1αH,5αH-guaia-6-ene-4β,10β-diol, and alisguaiaone were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of isolated terpenoids were evaluated.
Triterpenoids alisol A, alisol A 24-acetate, 25-O-ethylalisol A, 11-deoxyalisol A, alisol E 24-acetate, alisol G, alisol B 23-acetate and sesquiterpenoids 1αH,5αH-guaia-6-ene-4β,10β-diol, 10-hydroxy-7,10-epoxysalvialane exhibited cytotoxicities against the three tested human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 11.5 ± 1.7 μM to 76.7 ± 1.4 μM. Triterpenoids alisol A, 25-O-ethylalisol A, 11-deoxyalisol A, alisol E 24-acetate, alisol G, and 25-Anhydroalisol F showed antibacterial activities against the Gram-positive strains Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values of 12.5-100 μg/mL. Sesquiterpenoid 4β,10β-dihydroxy-1αH,5βH-guaia-6-ene exhibited antibacterial activity against B. subtilis with an MIC value of 50 μg/mL, and 10-hydroxy-7,10-epoxysalvialane exhibited activity against S. aureus with an MIC value of 100 μg/mL. Compounds 16-oxo-11-anhydroalisol A 24-acetate, alisol F, 25-Anhydroalisol F, and alisguaiaone exhibited inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. None of the compounds showed obvious inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. |
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