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1,4-Anthraquinone
1,4-Anthraquinone
ChemFaces products have been cited in many studies from excellent and top scientific journals
Product Name 1,4-Anthraquinone
Price: $30 / 20mg
CAS No.: 635-12-1
Catalog No.: CFN70177
Molecular Formula: C14H8O2
Molecular Weight: 208.2 g/mol
Purity: >=98%
Type of Compound: Quinones
Physical Desc.: Powder
Source:
Solvent: Chloroform, Dichloromethane, Ethyl Acetate, DMSO, Acetone, etc.
Download: COA    MSDS
Similar structural: Comparison
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Related Screening Libraries
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Biological Activity
Description: 1,4-Anthraquinone is an anticancer drug that blocks nucleoside transport, inhibits macromolecule synthesis, induces DNA fragmentation, and decreases the growth and viability of L1210 leukemic cells in the same nanomolar range as daunorubicin in vitro.1,4-Anthraquinone is proposed as a novel pre-column reagent for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and captopril (CAP) in pharmaceutical formulations.
In vitro:
Anti Cancer Drugs, 2000, 11(5):339-352.
1,4-Anthraquinone: an anticancer drug that blocks nucleoside transport, inhibits macromolecule synthesis, induces DNA fragmentation, and decreases the growth and viability of L1210 leukemic cells in the same nanomolar range as daunorubicin in vitro.[Reference: WebLink]
1,4-Anthraquinone (AQ) was synthesized and shown to prevent L1210 leukemic cells from synthesizing macromolecules and growing in vitro. In contrast, its dihydroxy-9,10anthraquinone precursor, quinizarin, was inactive.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The antitumor activity of AQ was compared to that of daunorubicin (DAU), which is structurally different from AQ but also contains a quinone moiety. AQ is equipotent to DAU against L1210 tumor cell proliferation (IC50: 25 nM at day 2 and 9 nM at day 4) and viability (IC50: 100 nM at day 2 and 25 nM at day 4), suggesting that its cytostatic and cytotoxic activities are a combination of drug concentration and duration of drug exposure. Since AQ does not increase but rather decreases the mitotic index of L1210 cells at 24 h, it is not an antitubulin drug but might arrest early stages of cell cycle progression. Like DAU, a 1.5-3 h pretreatment with AQ is sufficient to inhibit the rates of DNA, RNA and protein syntheses (IC50: 2 microM) determined over 30-60 min periods of pulse-labeling in L1210 cells in vitro. In contrast to DAU, which is inactive, a 15 min pretreatment with AQ has the advantage of also inhibiting the cellular transport of both purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (IC50: 2.5 microM) over a 30 s period in vitro. Hence, AQ may prevent the incorporation [3H]thymidine into DNA because it rapidly blocks the uptake of these nucleosides by the tumor cells. After 24 h, AQ induces as much DNA cleavage as camptothecin and DAU, two anticancer drugs producing DNA strand breaks and known to, respectively, inhibit topoisomerase I and II activities. However, the concentration-dependent induction of DNA cleavage by AQ, which peaks at 1.6-4 microM and disappears at 10-25 microM, resembles that of DAU. The mechanism by which AQ induces DNA cleavage is inhibited by actinomycin D, cycloheximide and aurintricarboxylic acid, suggesting that AQ activates endonucleases and triggers apoptosis. The abilities of AQ to block nucleoside transport, inhibit DNA synthesis and induce DNA fragmentation are irreversible upon drug removal, suggesting that this compound may rapidly interact with various molecular targets in cell membranes and nuclei to disrupt the functions of nucleoside transporters and nucleic acids, and trigger long-lasting antitumor effects which persist after cessation of drug treatment.
CONCLUSIONS:
Because of its potency and dual effects on nucleoside transport and DNA cleavage, the use of bifunctional AQ with antileukemic activity in the nM range in vitro might provide a considerable advantage in polychemotherapy to potentiate the action of antimetabolites and sensitize multidrug-resistant tumor cells.
1,4-Anthraquinone Description
Source:
Solvent: Chloroform, Dichloromethane, Ethyl Acetate, DMSO, Acetone, etc.
Storage: Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to 24 months(2-8C).

Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.

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Recently, ChemFaces products have been cited in many studies from excellent and top scientific journals

Cell. 2018 Jan 11;172(1-2):249-261.e12.
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.019.
IF=36.216(2019)

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Cell Metab. 2020 Mar 3;31(3):534-548.e5.
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Calculate Dilution Ratios(Only for Reference)
1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 4.8031 mL 24.0154 mL 48.0307 mL 96.0615 mL 120.0768 mL
5 mM 0.9606 mL 4.8031 mL 9.6061 mL 19.2123 mL 24.0154 mL
10 mM 0.4803 mL 2.4015 mL 4.8031 mL 9.6061 mL 12.0077 mL
50 mM 0.0961 mL 0.4803 mL 0.9606 mL 1.9212 mL 2.4015 mL
100 mM 0.048 mL 0.2402 mL 0.4803 mL 0.9606 mL 1.2008 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's need to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data of the sheet for your reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.
Protocol
Structure Identification:
Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Analysis, 2017, 143:299.
1,4-Anthraquinone: A new useful pre-column reagent for the determination of N-acetylcysteine and captopril in pharmaceuticals by high performance liquid chromatography.[Reference: WebLink]
1,4-Anthraquinone (ANQ) is proposed as a novel pre-column reagent for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and captopril (CAP) in pharmaceutical formulations.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The derivatization reactions were carried out at room temperature: NAC at pH 8 for 1 min, while CAP at pH 7.5 for 20 min. Both reactions reached completeness at a reagent to thiol molar ratio of about 2.5. The synthesised derivatives were characterized by 1H NMR and IR. The chromatographic separations were performed on a C18 Phenomenex Synergi Fusion 4 μm (250 mm × 4.6 mm I.D.) stainless steel column with detection at λ = 300 nm. The mobile phase consisted of methanol/triethylammonium (TEA) phosphate buffer (pH 3; 0.05 mol/L) 75:25 (v/v) at a flow-rate of 0.4 mL/min for NAC and 88:12 (v/v), at a flow-rate of 0.6 mL/min for CAP. The validation parameters (linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, specificity and stability) were highly satisfactory. Linear response was observed (determination coefficient ≥0.9996). Detection limits were about 8 and 18 ng/mL for NAC and CAP, respectively. Intra-day precision (relative standard deviation, R.S.D.) was ≤1.58%, for thiol to internal standard (IS) peak area ratio and ≤0.33%, for thiol and IS retention times (tR), without significant differences between intra- and inter-day data. Thiol recovery studies were satisfactory (99.50%) with R.S.D. ≤0.56%.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results highlight the high sensitivity of the method and the remarkable reactivity and selectivity of the reagent towards the thiol function. The developed method is suitable for the quality control of both thiols in commercial products. The method can be applied in any analytical laboratory not requiring a sophisticated instrumentation.
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