Tyramine | CAS:51-67-2 | Manufacturer ChemFaces

Tyramine

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Description:

Tyramine is a major mutagen precursor in soy sauce, being convertible to a mutagen by nitrite; it is the biological precursor of octopamine, both compounds are independent neurotransmitters, acting through various G-protein coupled receptors, they are antagonistic modulators of behavior and metabolism.

Targets:

G-protein coupled receptors

In vivo:

Neuron, 2005 ,46 (2) :247-60.

Tyramine Functions independently of octopamine in the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system.[Reference: WebLink]

Octopamine biosynthesis requires tyrosine decarboxylase to convert tyrosine into Tyramine and Tyramine beta-hydroxylase to convert Tyramine into octopamine.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We identified and characterized a Caenorhabditis elegans tyrosine decarboxylase gene, tdc-1, and a Tyramine beta-hydroxylase gene, tbh-1. The TBH-1 protein is expressed in a subset of TDC-1-expressing cells, indicating that C. elegans has Tyraminergic cells that are distinct from its octopaminergic cells. tdc-1 mutants have behavioral defects not shared by tbh-1 mutants. We show that Tyramine plays a specific role in the inhibition of egg laying, the modulation of reversal behavior, and the suppression of head oscillations in response to anterior touch. We propose a model for the neural circuit that coordinates locomotion and head oscillations in response to anterior touch.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings establish Tyramine as a neurotransmitter in C. elegans, and we suggest that Tyramine is a genuine neurotransmitter in other invertebrates and possibly in vertebrates as well.

Tyramine Description

Source:	The herbs of Uncaria rhynchophylla.
Solvent:	Chloroform, Dichloromethane, Ethyl Acetate, DMSO, Acetone, etc.
Storage:	Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to 24 months(2-8C). Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour. Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
After receiving:	The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.

Kinase Assay:

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2003 Sep;54(1):1-13.

Tyramine and octopamine: antagonistic modulators of behavior and metabolism.[Pubmed: 12942511 ]

The phenolamines Tyramine and octopamine are decarboxylation products of the amino acid tyrosine.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Although Tyramine is the biological precursor of octopamine, both compounds are independent neurotransmitters, acting through various G-protein coupled receptors. Especially, octopamine modulates a plethora of behaviors, peripheral and sense organs. Both compounds are believed to be homologues of their vertebrate counterparts adrenaline and noradrenaline. They modulate behaviors and organs in a coordinated way, which allows the insects to respond to external stimuli with a fine tuned adequate response.
CONCLUSIONS:
As these two phenolamines are the only biogenic amines whose physiological significance is restricted to invertebrates, the attention of pharmacologists was focused on the corresponding receptors, which are still believed to represent promising targets for new insecticides. Recent progress made on all levels of octopamine/Tyramine research enabled us to better understand the molecular events underlying the control of complex behaviors.

Structure Identification:

Gan. 1984 Jan;75(1):1-3.

Tyramine is a major mutagen precursor in soy sauce, being convertible to a mutagen by nitrite.[Pubmed: 6373470]

Tyramine was identified as a new mutagen precursor in Japanese soy sauce, becoming mutagenic after treatment with nitrite under acidic conditions. The mutagenic compound was identified as 4-(2-aminoethyl)-6-diazo-2,4- cyclohexadienone , and its specific mutagenic activity was 112 revertants/micrograms towards Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S9 mix.

Product Name	Tyramine
Price:	$30 / 20mg
CAS No.:	51-67-2
Catalog No.:	CFN96470
Molecular Formula:	C₈H₁₁NO
Molecular Weight:	137.18 g/mol
Purity:	>=98%
Type of Compound:	Alkaloids
Physical Desc.:	Powder
Source:	The herbs of Uncaria rhynchophylla.
Solvent:	Chloroform, Dichloromethane, Ethyl Acetate, DMSO, Acetone, etc.
Download:	COA MSDS
Similar structural:	Comparison (Web) (SDF)
Guestbook:

Size /Price /Stock	10 mM * 100 uL in DMSO / Inquiry / In-stock 10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO / Inquiry / In-stock
Related Libraries	Neuroprotection Compound Library Precursors Compound Library Alkaloids Compound Library

	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	20 mg	25 mg
1 mM	7.2897 mL	36.4485 mL	72.8969 mL	145.7938 mL	182.2423 mL
5 mM	1.4579 mL	7.2897 mL	14.5794 mL	29.1588 mL	36.4485 mL
10 mM	0.729 mL	3.6448 mL	7.2897 mL	14.5794 mL	18.2242 mL
50 mM	0.1458 mL	0.729 mL	1.4579 mL	2.9159 mL	3.6448 mL
100 mM	0.0729 mL	0.3645 mL	0.729 mL	1.4579 mL	1.8224 mL

CFN00015	2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)acetophenone	3319-03-7	163.22	C₁₀H₁₃NO
CFN00016	2-Amino-3-(3-bromo-5-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid	N/A	294.53	C₉H₉BrClNO₃
CFN00055	Trichophydine	67031-54-3	241.29	C₁₅H₁₅NO₂
CFN00078	p-3-Methylamino propyl phenol	32180-92-0	165.23	C₁₀H₁₅NO
CFN90036	Dopamine hydrochloride	62-31-7	153.18	C₈H₁₁NO₂
CFN90032	Adrenaline	51-43-4	183.2	C₉H₁₃NO₃
CFN90047	Norepinephrine	51-41-2	169.18	C₈H₁₁NO₃
CFN94011	3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-propanamide	56598-62-0	165.19	C₉H₁₁NO₂
CFN98187	2-(Acetylamino)-3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid	5469-45-4	205.21	C₁₁H₁₁NO₃
CFN99551	Synephrine	94-07-5	167.21	C₉H₁₃NO₂