| In vitro: |
| Fitoterapia. 2015 Oct;106:167-74. | | Antiproliferative activity of New Zealand propolis and phenolic compounds vs human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.[Pubmed: 26347954] | The New Zealand wax-free Bio30™ propolis tincture solids had very high levels of the dihydroflavonoids pinocembrin and pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, and high levels of the dimethylallyl, benzyl and 3-methyl-3-butenyl caffeates relative to CAPE.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The DLD-1 assays identified strong anti-proliferative activity associated with these components as well as chrysin, galangin and CAPE and a number of lesser known or lower concentration compounds including Benzyl ferulate, benzyl isoferulate, pinostrobin, 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid and tectochrysin.
CONCLUSIONS:
The phenolic compounds pinocembrin, pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, tectochrysin, dimethylallyl caffeate, 3-methyl-3-butenyl caffeate, Benzyl ferulate and benzyl isoferulate also showed good broad spectrum activity in anti-proliferative assays against three other gastro-intestinal cancer cell lines; HCT-116 colon carcinoma, KYSE-30 oesophageal squamous cancer, and NCI-N87 gastric carcinoma.
Activity is also observed in anti-inflammatory assays although it appears to be limited to one of the first cytokines in the inflammatory cascade, TNF-α. | | Z Naturforsch C. 2000 Jan-Feb;55(1-2):70-5. | | Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of European propolis.[Pubmed: 10739103] |
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Three propolis samples from Austria, Germany and France were investigated by GC/MS, where eleven compounds were being new for propolis.
The samples showed some similarities in their qualitative composition. Phenylethyl-trans-caffeate, Benzyl ferulate and galangin were predominant in German propolis. Benzyl caffeate was predominant in French sample. Pinocembrin was predominant in French and Austrian propolis and trans-p-coumaric acid was predominant in all samples. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was evaluated.
CONCLUSIONS:
German propolis showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. While Austrian propolis has the highest activity against Candida albicans. French propolis was effective against all pathogens but less than German and Austrian propolis. |
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