| Description: |
Gomisin A has anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, and anti-proliferation properties, it induces marked protective effects against hepatic and renal injury induced by CCl(4) exposure through differential regulation of the MAPK signal transduction pathway. Gomisin A inhibits COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α and NO through the down-regulation of RIP2 and NF-κB activation. |
| In vitro: |
| Int J Mol Med. 2013 Apr;31(4):888-98. | | Protective effects of gomisin A isolated from Schisandra chinensis against CCl(4)-induced hepatic and renal injury.[Pubmed: 23381504] | The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Gomisin A, a lignan compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis, against liver and kidney damage induced by CCl(4) exposure.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We assessed alterations in organ weights, levels of serum biochemical indicators, and activation of the caspase-3 and MAPK signaling pathways and carried out histological analysis of liver and kidney tissue in rats pretreated with Gomisin A for four days. In the Gomisin A/CCl(4)-treated group, only the liver experienced a significant increase in weight, whereas the other organs did not undergo any changes. Five biochemical indicators in serum indicated that liver and kidney toxicity dramatically decreased upon Gomisin A pretreatment, although the decrease in ratios varied. Upon histological analysis, the Gomisin A/CCl(4)-treated group showed less hepatocellular necrosis, a poorly dilated central vein in the liver section, decreased diameter of the glomerulus, a lower number of capillaries, and a convoluted tubule in the kidney section. Furthermore, the formation of active caspase-3 was inhibited by Gomisin A pretreatment in the Gomisin A/CCl(4)-treated group, whereas the expression level of Bax protein was slightly increased. Western blot analysis revealed that there were differences between the liver and kidney in terms of activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. In the liver, Gomisin A pretreatment increased phosphorylation of three members of the MAPK pathway when compared to that in the vehicle pretreatment group. However, in the kidney, only the phosphorylation level of p38 was elevated upon Gomisin A pretreatment, whereas levels of the other two members were decreased.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that Gomisin A induces marked protective effects against hepatic and renal injury induced by CCl(4) exposure through differential regulation of the MAPK signal transduction pathway. | | Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(11):1997-2003. | | Gomisin A enhances tumor necrosis factor-α-induced G1 cell cycle arrest via signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-mediated phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein.[Pubmed: 23123471] | Gomisin A, a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, has been reported as an anti-cancer substance. In this study, we investigated the effects of Gomisin A on cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Gomisin A significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner after 72 h treatment, especially in the presence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), due to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase with the downregulation of cyclin D1 expression and Retinoblastoma (RB) phosphorylation. In addition, Gomisin A in combination with TNF-α strongly suppressed the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1).
CONCLUSIONS:
Inhibition of STAT1 pathways by a small-interfering RNA against STAT1 and AG490 Janus kinase (JAK) kinase inhibitor AG490 reduced the cyclin D1 expression and RB phosphorylation, indicating that JAK-mediated STAT1 activation is involved in Gomisin A-induced G1 cell cycle arrest. | | 2018 Jun;45(6):547-555. | | Gomisin A modulates aging progress via mitochondrial biogenesis in human diploid fibroblast cells[Pubmed: 29319901] | | Gomisin A from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis has many pharmacological properties, including hepato-protective, anti-diabetic, and anti-oxidative stress. However, the potential benefit of Gomisin A is still not well understood, especially in aging progression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify whether the promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy of Gomisin A affects anti-aging progression, and its mechanism. Intermediate (PD32) human diploid fibroblast (HDF) cells were brought to stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) using hydrogen peroxide. Gomisin A inhibited reactive oxygen species production even in the SIPS-HDF cells. Gomisin A was also able to attenuate the activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and the production of pro-inflammatory molecules in the SIPS as well as aged HDF cells. The antioxidant activity of Gomisin A was determined by recovering the Cu/Zn, Mn-SOD, and HO-1 expression in the SIPS-HDF cells. In mechanistic aspect, Gomisin A inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B to the nucleus. In addition, Gomisin A promoted the autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis factors through the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2, and inhibited aging progression in the SIPS-HDF cells. In summary, the enhanced properties of mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy of Gomisin A has a benefit to control age-related molecules against SIPS-induced chronic oxidative stress, and Gomisin A may be a potential therapeutic compound for the enhancement of intracellular homeostasis to aging progression. |
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| In vivo: |
| Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(2):171-7. | | The molecular mechanisms of the hepatoprotective effect of gomisin A against oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury.[Pubmed: 22293346] | Oxidative damage and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of liver injury and fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which Gomisin A conferred a hepatoprotective effect, focusing on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects using rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute liver injury.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Pretreatment with Gomisin A prior to the administration of CCl(4) markedly prevented an increase in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and histological hepatic lesions. Gomisin A was also associated with a decrease in hepatic lipid peroxidation, and increased superoxide dismutase activity, suggesting that Gomisin A has an antioxidant effect. In addition Gomisin A treatment ameliorated mRNA levels of CCl(4)-induced inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and the protein levels of transcriptional upregulator nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and phospho-inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB). Furthermore, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a myofibroblast marker, was also inhibited by Gomisin A treatment.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that Gomisin A inhibits the oxidative stress and activation of NF-κB, leading to down-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators and amelioration of fibrogenesis. |
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