| Description: |
Tanshinone IIA is an estrogen receptor partial agonist with antiandrogenic properties, it has neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and traumatic injury of the spinal cord in rats. Tanshinone IIA has anti-leukemia, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as, IL-1 β, IL-6 α, TNF-α. |
| In vitro: |
| Ann Plast Surg. 2015 Jun 20. | | Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis Through the Downregulation of Survivin in Keloid Fibroblasts.[Pubmed: 26101974] | Keloids are considered benign dermal fibroproliferative tumors. Keloid fibroblasts (KFs) persistently proliferate and fail to undergo apoptosis, and no treatment is completely effective against these lesions.
Tanshinone IIA induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of various tumor cell types. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tanshinone IIA on the regulation of proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in KFs, and investigated potential mechanisms involved in the effects.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
First, KFs and normal skin fibroblasts (NSFs) were treated with various concentrations of Tanshinone IIA. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to assess the proliferative activity of KFs and NSFs, and flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle and apoptosis in KFs. We found that the proliferation of all Tanshinone IIA-treated KFs was significantly decreased after treatment for 72 hours (P < 0.001). Also, NSFs treated with Tanshinone IIA did not exhibit noticeable effects compared with KFs. In addition, the percentages of G0/G1 cells in all Tanshinone IIA-treated KFs were significantly increased after treatment for 72 hours (P < 0.001). And the percentages of cells undergoing early apoptosis in all Tanshinone IIA-treated KFs were significantly increased after treatment for 120 hours (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the apoptosis antibody array kit and Western blot analysis revealed that Tanshinone IIA decreased survivin expression in KFs (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, Tanshinone IIA downregulates survivin and deactivates KFs, thus suggesting that Tanshinone IIA could serve as a potential clinical keloid treatment. | | Planta Med. 2015 May;81(7):578-85. | | Anabolic Effect of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Tanshinone IIA on Myotube Hypertrophy Is Mediated by Estrogen Receptor.[Pubmed: 26018796] | Skeletal muscle loss during menopause is associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes type II and the general development of the metabolic syndrome. Therefore, strategies combining nutritional and training interventions to prevent muscle loss are necessary. Danshen Si Wu is a traditional Chinese medicine used for menopausal complains. One of the main compounds of Danshen Si Wu is Tanshinone IIA. Physiological effects of Tanshinone IIA have been described as being mediated via the estrogen receptor.
Therefore, it was the aim of this study to determine its tissue specific ERα- and ERβ-mediated estrogenic activity, to investigate its antiestrogenic properties, and, particularly, to study estrogen receptor-mediated biological responses to Tanshinone IIA on skeletal muscle cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The purity of Tanshinone IIA was analyzed by LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis. ERα/ERβ-mediated activity was dose-dependently analyzed in HEK 239 cells transfected with ERα or ERβ expression vectors and respective reporter genes. Androgenic, antiandrogenic, and antiestrogenic properties of Tanshinone IIA were analyzed in a yeast reporter gene assay. The effects of Tanshinone IIA on proliferation and cell cycle distribution were investigated in ERα positive T47D breast cancer cells. The ability of Tanshinone IIA to stimulate estrogen receptor-mediated myotube hypertrophy was studied in C2C12 myoblastoma cells. Our data show that Tanshinone IIA is quite potent at stimulating ERα and ERβ reporter genes with comparable efficacy. Tanshinone IIA displayed antiestrogenic and also antiandrogenic properties in a yeast reporter gene assay. It inhibited the growth of T47D breast cancer cells by suppressing proliferation and arresting the cells in G0/G1. Tanshinone IIA also stimulated the hypertrophy of C2C12 myotubes via an estrogen receptor-mediated mechanism.
CONCLUSIONS:
Summarizing our results, Tanshinone IIA can be characterized as an estrogen receptor partial agonist with antiandrogenic properties. It seems to inhibit ERα-mediated cell proliferation but induces ERβ-related biological responses like hypertrophy of myotubes.
These findings are interesting with respect to the treatment of a variety of complains of postmenopausal females, including muscle wasting. | | Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 30;568(1-3):213-21. | | Tanshinone IIA protects cardiac myocytes against oxidative stress-triggered damage and apoptosis.[Pubmed: 17537428] | Tanshinone IIA (tan), a derivative of phenanthrenequinone, is one of the key components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Previous reports showed that tan inhibited the apoptosis of cultured PC12 cells induced by serum withdrawal or ethanol. However, whether tan has a cardioprotective effect against apoptosis remains unknown.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, we investigated the effects of tan on cardiac myocyte apoptosis induced both by in vitro incubation of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes with H(2)O(2) and by in vivo occlusion followed by reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in adult rats.
In vitro, as revealed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, treatment with tan prior to H(2)O(2) exposure significantly increased cell viability. Tan also markedly inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, as detected by ladder-pattern fragmentation of genomic DNA, chromatin condensation, and hypodioloid DNA content. In vivo, tan significantly inhibited ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by attenuating morphological changes and reducing the percentage of terminal transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive myocytes and caspase-3 cleavage. These effects of tan were associated with an increased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax protein in cardiomyocytes, an elevation of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and a decrease in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level.
CONCLUSIONS:
Taken together, these data for the first time provide convincing evidence that tan protects cardiac myocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. The in vivo protection is mediated by increased scavenging of oxygen free radicals, prevention of lipid peroxidation and upregulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. | | 2016 Jul 15;8(7):3124-32. | | Tanshinone IIA inhibits apoptosis in the myocardium by inducing microRNA-152-3p expression and thereby downregulating PTEN[Pubmed: 27508033] | | Progressive loss of cardiac myocytes through apoptosis contributes to heart failure (HF). In this study, we tested whether Tanshinone IIA, one of the most abundant constituents of the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, protects rat myocardium-derived H9C2 cells against apoptosis. Treatment of H9C2 cells with Tanshinone IIA inhibited angiotensin II-induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), a tumor suppressor that plays a critical role in apoptosis. Furthermore, Tanshinone IIA was found to inhibit PTEN expression by upregulating the microRNA miR-152-3p, a potential PTEN regulator that is highly conserved in both rat and human. Notably, the antiapoptotic effect of Tanshinone IIA was partially reversed when H9C2 cells were transfected with an inhibitor of miR-152-3p. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying the cardioprotective role of Tanshinone IIA, and further suggest that Tanshinone IIA could represent a promising drug candidate for HF therapy. |
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