| Description: |
Bisdemethoxycurcumin is a natural derivative of curcumin with antiulcer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, it suppresses MCF-7 cells proliferation by inducing ROS accumulation and modulating senescence-related pathways. Bisdemethoxycurcumin induces apoptosis in activated HSCs, but not in hepatocytes, by impairing cellular energetics and causing a downregulation of cytoprotective proteins, likely through a mechanism that involves CBR2. |
| In vitro: |
| Molecules. 2015 Jan 14;20(1):1277-92. | | Bisdemethoxycurcumin Induces apoptosis in activated hepatic stellate cells via cannabinoid receptor 2.[Pubmed: 25594342] | Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSCs), major fibrogenic cells in the liver, undergo apoptosis when liver injuries cease, which may contribute to the resolution of fibrosis. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is a natural derivative of curcumin with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The therapeutic potential of BDMC in hepatic fibrosis has not been studied thus far in the context of the apoptosis in activated HSCs.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the current study, we compared the activities of BDMC and curcumin in the HSC-T6 cell line and demonstrated that BDMC relatively induced a potent apoptosis. BDMC-induced apoptosis was mediated by a combinatory inhibition of cytoprotective proteins, such as Bcl2 and heme oxygenase-1 and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Intriguingly, BDMC-induced apoptosis was reversed with co-treatment of sr144528, a cannabinoid receptor (CBR) 2 antagonist, which was confirmed with genetic downregulation of the receptor using siCBR2. Additionally, incubation with BDMC increased the formation of death-induced signaling complex in HSC-T6 cells. Treatment with BDMC significantly diminished total intracellular ATP levels and upregulated ATP inhibitory factor-1.
CONCLUSIONS:
Collectively, the results demonstrate that BDMC induces apoptosis in activated HSCs, but not in hepatocytes, by impairing cellular energetics and causing a downregulation of cytoprotective proteins, likely through a mechanism that involves CBR2. | | Oncol Lett. 2015 Jan;9(1):270-274. Epub 2014 Nov 7. | | Bisdemethoxycurcumin attenuates gastric adenocarcinoma growth by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction.[Pubmed: 25435973] | Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSCs), major fibrogenic cells in the liver, undergo apoptosis when liver injuries cease, which may contribute to the resolution of fibrosis. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is a natural derivative of curcumin with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The therapeutic potential of BDMC in hepatic fibrosis has not been studied thus far in the context of the apoptosis in activated HSCs.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the current study, we compared the activities of BDMC and curcumin in the HSC-T6 cell line and demonstrated that BDMC relatively induced a potent apoptosis. BDMC-induced apoptosis was mediated by a combinatory inhibition of cytoprotective proteins, such as Bcl2 and heme oxygenase-1 and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Intriguingly, BDMC-induced apoptosis was reversed with co-treatment of sr144528, a cannabinoid receptor (CBR) 2 antagonist, which was confirmed with genetic downregulation of the receptor using siCBR2. Additionally, incubation with BDMC increased the formation of death-induced signaling complex in HSC-T6 cells. Treatment with BDMC significantly diminished total intracellular ATP levels and upregulated ATP inhibitory factor-1.
CONCLUSIONS:
Collectively, the results demonstrate that BDMC induces apoptosis in activated HSCs, but not in hepatocytes, by impairing cellular energetics and causing a downregulation of cytoprotective proteins, likely through a mechanism that involves CBR2. | | Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Sep;57(9):1611-8. | | Bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibits PDGF-induced vascular smooth muscle cell motility and proliferation.[Pubmed: 23554078] | A key event in the development of plaque in the arteries is the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from the media to the intima of the blood vessel. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BC), a naturally occurring structural analog of curcumin (CC), on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated migration and proliferation of SMCs.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
CC and BC were synthesized by condensing acetyl acetone with vanillin and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, respectively. SMCs isolated from adult rat aorta were stimulated with PDGF in the presence or absence of CC or BC following which, cell migration and proliferation were assessed by monolayer wound healing assay and [(3) H]-thymidine incorporation respectively. PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of PDGF receptor-β and its downstream effectors Akt and ERK were assessed by Western blotting. Intracellular reactive oxygen species was assessed using the fluorescent dye 5-(6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. BC elicited a concentration-dependent inhibition of PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of PDGF receptor-β, Akt and Erk as well as the PDGF-stimulated SMC migration and proliferation. BC was more potent than CC in inhibiting migration and proliferation and suppressing PDGF-signaling in SMCs. Both compounds were equipotent in inhibiting PDGF-stimulated generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species.
CONCLUSIONS:
BC may be of potential use in the prevention or treatment of vascular disease. |
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| In vivo: |
| Phytomedicine. 2009 Apr;16(4):342-51. | | Comparative antiulcer effect of bisdemethoxycurcumin and curcumin in a gastric ulcer model system.[Pubmed: 19188055 ] | The antiulcer effect of Bisdemethoxycurcumin, a yellow pigment found mainly in rhizomes of Curcuma longa, was compared with curcumin in gastric ulcer model systems to validate its clinical application as a remedy for peptic ulcer.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Western blot analysis of mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 activated with lipopolysaccharide showed that Bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production significantly but had no effect on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production, whereas curcumin showed stronger suppression of iNOS protein production and inhibited TNF-alpha protein production significantly. However, Bisdemethoxycurcumin and curcumin possessed similar potency in scavenging nitric oxide generated from mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that both curcuminoids inhibited the induction of iNOS dose-dependently at the transcriptional level and curcumin also appeared to inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha at post-transcriptional level. In an animal model, intraduodenal administration of Bisdemethoxycurcumin (5-80 mg/kg body wt.) showed a strong inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats whereas curcumin (5-20 mg/kg body wt.) showed a less inhibitory effect, with maximum potency at a dose of 20mg/kg body wt. Moreover, oral administration of Bisdemethoxycurcumin at doses of 20-80 mg/kg body wt. twice daily for 10 days showed a significant curative efficacy in accelerating the healing of acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and promotion of mucosal regeneration in the ulcerated portion in a dose-related manner with potency equal to curcumin. In contrast, the curative potency of curcumin tended to decrease at doses over 160 mg/kg body wt./day. Western blot analysis in ulcerated gastric mucosa showed that Bisdemethoxycurcumin dose-dependently reduced the increased protein expression level of iNOS but not TNF-alpha.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results indicated that Bisdemethoxycurcumin directly accelerates gastric ulcer healing with potency equal to curcumin. Its antiulcer effect might be due to its properties of decreasing gastric acid secretion and enhancing the mucosal defensive mechanism through suppression of iNOS-mediated inflammation. |
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