| Structure Identification: |
| Nat Prod Commun. 2009 Jul;4(7):907-10. | | Phytochemical characterization of the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa grown in U.S.A.[Pubmed: 19731590] | Mitragyna speciosa (Rubiaceae) has traditionally been used in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa and Indonesia as a substitute for opium. Indole alkaloids are the most common compounds that have been isolated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We investigated the constituents of the leaves of M. speciosa that was grown at the University of Mississippi. Several alkaloids were isolated, including ajmalicine, corynantheidine, isomitraphylline, mitraphylline, paynantheine, isocorynantheidine, 7-hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine, but their percentages were lower than those in a commercial Thai sample of "kratom". In addition, we isolated the flavonoid epicatechin, a saponin daucosterol, the triterpenoid saponins quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-quinovopyranoside, quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, as well as several glycoside derivatives including 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, benzyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3-oxo-alpha-ionyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, roseoside, vogeloside, and Epivogeloside.
CONCLUSIONS:
This is the first report of the last group of compounds having been isolated from a Mitragyna species. Biological studies are currently underway to test these compounds for opioid activity.
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